The Chilli Patch

About Chillis

Chili pepper (from Nahuatl chilli), also known as, or spelled, chilli pepper, chilli, chillie, chili, and chile, is the fruit of the plants from the genus Capsicum, members of the nightshade family, Solanaceae.

Although botanically speaking, the fruit of capsicums are berries, the peppers are considered as vegetables or spices for culinary purposes. Depending on flavour intensity and fleshiness, their culinary use varies from use as a vegetable (e.g., bell pepper) to use as a spice (e.g., cayenne pepper).

Chilli peppers originated in the Americas. Their cultivars are now grown around the world, because they are widely used as food and as medicine.

Intensity

The substances that give chilli peppers their intensity when ingested or applied topically are capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) and several related chemicals, collectively called capsaicinoids.Capsaicin is the primary ingredient in pepper spray.

The "heat" of chilli peppers is measured in Scoville heat units (SHU), which is the number of times a chili extract must be diluted in water for it to lose its heat. Bell peppers rank at 0 SHU, New Mexico green chillis at about 1,500 SHU, jalapeños at 3,000–6,000 SHU, and habaneros at 300,000 SHU.

Scoville units             Pepper type

16,000,000	Pure capsaicin , dihydrocapsaicin
9,100,000	Nordihydrocapsaicin
8,600,000	Homodihydrocapsaicin and homocapsaicin
5,300,000	Police grade pepper spray
2,000,000	Common pepper spray
350,000 - 580,000	Red Savina habanero
100,000 - 350,000	Habanero chile
100,000 - 325,000	Scotch bonnet
100,000 - 225,000	African birdseye (aka "African Devil")
100,000 - 200,000	Jamaican hot pepper
100,000 - 125,000	Carolina cayenne pepper
95,000 - 110,000	Bahamian pepper
85,000 - 115,000	Tabiche pepper
50,000 - 100,000	Chiltepin pepper
50,000 - 100,000	Rocoto
40,000 - 58,000	Pequin pepper
40,000 - 50,000	Super chile pepper
40,000 - 50,000	Santaka pepper
30,000 - 50,000	Cayenne pepper
30,000 - 50,000	Tabasco pepper
15,000 - 30,000	de Arbol pepper
12,000 - 30,000	Manzano pepper , Ají
5,000 - 23,000	Serrano pepper
5,000 - 10,000	Hot wax pepper
5,000 - 10,000	Chipotle
2,500 - 8,000	Jalapeño
2,500 - 8,000	Santaka pepper
2,500 - 5,000	Guajilla pepper
1,500 - 2,500	Rocotilla pepper
1,000 - 2,000	Pasilla pepper
1,000 - 2,000	Ancho pepper
1,000 - 2,000	Poblano pepper
700 - 1,000	Coronado pepper
500 - 2,500	Anaheim pepper
500 - 1,000	New Mexico pepper
500 - 700	Santa Fe Grande pepper
100 - 500	Pepperoncini pepper
100 - 500	Pimento
0	Sweet bell pepper

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